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Chronic Infections & Biofilm
 

What are biofilms? 

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Biofilms are complex, adherent microecosystems that

potentially contain many types of organisms,

architectural features & structural building blocks. 














Direct visualization of biofilms via fluorescence microscopy has demonstrated the presence of two dominant

constituents: cell bodies, consisting of organisms in different physiological & nutrient states & the extracellular

polymeric substance (EPS), the ​glue that holds the microbial community together & acts as a barrier to chemicals &

​anti-microbial agents & inhibits immune responses



Biofilm Associated Infections

​The infectious biofilms attached to living (tissues) and nonliving (indwelling medical devices) surfaces can trigger

inflammation in the human body, which is a specific form of persistent infection. The biofilms have evolved

significantly increased antibiotic resistance relative to their free-floating counterparts, severely hampering the

​successful treatment of biofilm-associated infections
.
​

Biofilms: A New Hideout for Borrelia? 

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The role of bacterial biofilms in chronic infections

Targeting Biofilm

The use of Dapsone to treat "Persister" Bacteria
 Dapsone is a novel and effective “persister” drug where classical antibiotic protocols have failed . . . 

 

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Lumbrokinase is an enzyme produced by earthworms.  It is commonly used for

​breaking up biofilm by dissolving the fibrin.

 

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The most significant features of Serrapeptase is that it does not harm any

living cells or tissues in the human body; it only dissolves non-living tissue

such as cysts, hard and soft arterial plaque and blood clots etc.

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